Installing angular contact bearings correctly is crucial for ensuring their performance and longevity. There are several methods for installing these bearings, each suitable for different applications and configurations.
1. Single Bearing Installation
Mounting Position: Angular contact bearings must be mounted in the correct orientation, with the marked side facing the correct direction to handle axial loads.
Press Fit: The bearing is press-fitted onto the shaft or into the housing. This method often uses a press tool to ensure the bearing is seated properly without applying undue force to the rolling elements.
Thermal Fit: The bearing or housing is heated (thermal expansion) to allow easier fitting. Once cooled, the bearing contracts to form a tight fit.
2. Paired Bearing Installation
Back-to-Back (DB) Arrangement: Bearings are mounted with their back faces together. This configuration can handle axial loads in both directions and provides high rigidity.
Face-to-Face (DF) Arrangement: Bearings are mounted with their front faces together. This setup also handles axial loads in both directions but allows for some misalignment.
Tandem (DT) Arrangement: Bearings are mounted in the same direction. This arrangement is used to handle high axial loads in one direction.
3. Preloading Bearings
Preloading: Preloading is applying a predetermined axial load to the bearing to remove internal clearance. This is essential for high precision and rigidity.
Fixed Preload: Using spacers or shims to set the preload during installation.
Spring Preload: Using springs to maintain a constant preload regardless of temperature changes or other conditions.
4. Assembly Techniques
Pressing Method: Bearings are pressed onto the shaft or into the housing using specialized tools to ensure even pressure and avoid damaging the bearing.
Hydraulic Method: A hydraulic press or a hydraulic nut can be used to install bearings, providing controlled and uniform pressure.
Induction Heating: Induction heaters can expand the bearing seat, allowing the bearing to be slipped onto the shaft or into the housing easily. Once cooled, it creates a tight fit.
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